7b. Construct reference card and Short DisInforMeter language matrix

Overview

This page assembles two annex tables for the policy report:

• Annex A — Construct reference card. One row per first-order and higher-order DisInforMeter construct, with a plain-language label, what the construct captures in lay terms, one or two sample items, the studies that fielded it, its theoretical heritage, and a min / median / max reliability summary.
• Annex B — Short DisInforMeter language matrix. The Short DisInforMeter item codes with their wording across every language fielded in S4 (English, Lithuanian, German, Polish, Russian, Italian, …).

Both tables sit on top of repository artefacts (data/wrangled_data/construct_taxonomy.rds, outputs/item_mapping_overview.csv, the reliability long tables) joined with author-curated prose that does not exist anywhere in the repository yet. That prose will live in a sibling YAML — R/policy_report/construct_prose.yml — so it stays version-controlled with the code that consumes it.

Design source: docs/reports/2026-05-21_policy-report-content/03_new-analyses-roadmap.md §3.

Annex A — Construct reference card

Column	Source
construct_id, level, display_label, studies_fielded	data/wrangled_data/construct_taxonomy.rds joined with outputs/item_mapping_overview.csv
sample_item_1, sample_item_2	outputs/item_mapping.csv (English item text)
reliability_min / _median / _max	aggregated from outputs/tables/scale_diagnostics_s1_s5.csv or first_order_reliability_long_s1_s2_s3_s5.csv
plain_language_label, what_it_captures, theoretical_heritage	author judgement, drafted in R/policy_report/construct_prose.yml

Table 1: Annex A — Construct reference card.

Annex A — Construct reference card
One row per DisInforMeter construct: plain-language label, what it captures, 1–2 sample items, studies in which it was fielded, and the observed reliability range. Drafted cells from the upstream taxonomy are still marked [DRAFT].
Construct	Plain-language label	What it captures	Sample items	Studies	Reliability (ω range)
Distrust / betrayal / abandonment affective composite	Sense of being abandoned by the people who should protect us [DRAFT]	Anger, disappointment, and frustration aimed at one's own state, allies, and mainstream media for failing to protect citizens' interests. [DRAFT]	In general, I distrust our international allies. - I feel disappointed by the actions of the international allies in protecting my country.	S2, S3, S4, S5	0.76 – 0.87 (median 0.81)
Abandonment composite (S4 long form)	Sense of being abandoned — long form [DRAFT]	S4 long-form ABAND block (eight indicators): same construct as ABAND, extended for invariance estimation. [DRAFT]	In general, I distrust our international allies. - I feel disappointed by the actions of the international allies in protecting my country.	S4	0.87 – 0.87 (median 0.87)
Fear / pragmatic-accommodation affective composite	Anxiety-driven openness to making peace at any cost [DRAFT]	Tension and anxiety about conflict with Russia / China that translates into willingness to accommodate those powers rather than confront them. [DRAFT]	I feel tense when thinking about potential conflicts with countries like Russia or China. - I would feel safer if peace with countries like Russia is struck at any cost.	S1, S5	0.79 – 0.84 (median 0.81)
General DisInformeter anchor	Overall affective stance toward national protection and rival powers [DRAFT]	Cross-cutting affective items used as the global DisInformeter anchor in S4 / S5; primarily a trust / sympathy index toward Russia / China and one's own state's external protection. [DRAFT]	I have a very negative feeling about how my state handles external threats. - I dislike the actions of our international allies in ensuring the safety of my state.	S4, S5	0.57 – 0.66 (median 0.64)
Pragmatic accommodation toward foreign powers (S2/S3/S4)	Conflict-avoidance accommodation toward Russia or China [DRAFT]	Composite of cognitive pragmatism toward Russia and China — the cross-wave umbrella label used for FEAR before the S5 affective separation. [DRAFT]	I feel tense when thinking about potential conflicts with countries like Russia or China. - I would feel safer if peace with countries like Russia or China is struck at any cost	S2, S3, S4	0.75 – 0.84 (median 0.79)
Pragmatic accommodation (S4 long form)	Conflict-avoidance accommodation — long form [DRAFT]	S4 long-form PRAG block: cross-wave PRAG construct in the eight-indicator parameterisation for invariance estimation. [DRAFT]	I feel tense when thinking about potential conflicts with countries like Russia or China. - I would feel safer if peace with countries like Russia or China is struck at any cost	S4	0.71 – 0.76 (median 0.74)
Foreign-power admiration, Russia (affective)	Admiration of Russia [DRAFT]	Affective respect, hope, and inspiration directed at Russia as an alternative civilisational model (S2 / S3 fru* items). [DRAFT]	To a certain extent, I admire Russia. - Sometimes, I feel inspired by the actions of Russia.	S2, S3	0.88 – 0.94 (median 0.92)
Foreign-power admiration (general, S5)	Admiration of foreign powers — pooled [DRAFT]	S5 pooled affective-admiration block combining the Russia and China items into one composite. [DRAFT]	To a certain extent, I admire China. - Sometimes, I feel inspired by the actions of China.	S5	0.92 – 0.93 (median 0.93)
Ideological-threat affective composite	Felt threat to our way of life [DRAFT]	Anger, worry, sadness, and disgust at perceived demographic, cultural, and value-erosion menace to the in-group. [DRAFT]	I’m worried that our ways of life are sought to be destroyed. - I am sad because our culture, language, and identity are disappearing.	S1, S2, S3, S4, S5	0.53 – 0.85 (median 0.76)
Ideological threat (foreign exploitation facet, S5)	Threat felt about foreign-power exploitation [DRAFT]	S5 facet of affective threat focused on perceived foreign-power encroachment / exploitation. [DRAFT]	I’m worried that my country is being exploited by foreign countries. - I am angry when I think about how my country is being used by foreign countries.	S5	0.71 – 0.75 (median 0.73)
Ideological threat (LGBT+ facet, S5)	Threat felt about LGBT+ visibility [DRAFT]	S5 facet of affective threat focused on perceived LGBT+ rights / visibility menace. [DRAFT]	I am worried about the spread of LGBT+ propaganda. - I’m outraged when thinking about the promotion LGBT+ ideas.	S5	0.97 – 0.97 (median 0.97)
Ideological-threat affective composite (S4 long form)	Felt threat to our way of life — long form [DRAFT]	S4 long-form THREAT block (eight indicators): same construct as THREAT, extended to support metric-invariance estimation. [DRAFT]	I’m worried that our ways of life are sought to be destroyed. - I’m worried that my country is being exploited by foreign countries.	S4	0.86 – 0.86 (median 0.86)
Ideological threat (immigration facet, S5)	Threat felt about immigration [DRAFT]	S5 facet of affective threat focused on immigration-driven cultural change. [DRAFT]	I am angry because immigration is changing our way of life for the worse. - I feel worried because of uncontrolled immigration.	S5	0.90 – 0.90 (median 0.90)
Unprotected by international allies	Distrust of NATO / EU / international allies [DRAFT]	Belief that the EU, NATO, or other international allies will not defend the nation or are weak / unreliable. [DRAFT]	EU is weak and has no power. - NATO will not be brave enough to defend our nation in case of military conflict.	S2, S3	0.87 – 0.91 (median 0.91)
Abandoned by own state	Sense that the state has abandoned its citizens [DRAFT]	Belief that the home state has failed in its protective and provisioning duties. [DRAFT]	My state has abandoned its citizens. - My state is exploiting its citizens.	S2, S3	0.92 – 0.94 (median 0.93)
Abandoned by media (state censorship)	Belief that mainstream media censor truth [DRAFT]	Belief that domestic state or mainstream media restrict access to truthful information / propagate lies. [DRAFT]	My state is censoring access to truthful information. - My state is supporting media you cannot trust.	S2, S3	0.94 – 0.96 (median 0.95)
Abandoned by own state (S5 legacy label)	Sense that the state has abandoned us — S5 wording [DRAFT]	S5 precursor of ABANH; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	My state has abandoned its citizens. - My state is exploiting its citizens.	S5	0.92 – 0.92 (median 0.92)
Pragmatism China (S1 legacy label)	Anxiety / pragmatism toward China — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of PRAGCH; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	It is a mistake that we are not allowed to collaborate with states such as China. - Taiwan should finally stop provoking China.	S1	0.92 – 0.92 (median 0.92)
Pragmatism Russia (S1 legacy label)	Anxiety / pragmatism toward Russia — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of PRAGR; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	It is a mistake that we are not allowed to collaborate with such states as Russia. - Countries like Ukraine should finally start building good relations with Russia.	S1	0.92 – 0.93 (median 0.92)
Abandoned by media (S5 label)	Belief that mainstream media censor truth — S5 wording [DRAFT]	S5 precursor of ABANM; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	My state is censoring access to truthful information. - My state is supporting media you cannot trust.	S5	0.94 – 0.94 (median 0.94)
Poisonous ethnocentrism	Aggressive nation-first ethnocentrism [DRAFT]	Belief that the in-group's interests should override outsiders' by any means, often paired with anti-EU / anti-NATO suspicion. [DRAFT]	Our national interests are more important than other countries’ interests. - We should protect our nation’s interests by any means necessary.	S5	0.74 – 0.92 (median 0.79)
Exploitation by foreign powers	Belief that foreign powers exploit our nation [DRAFT]	Conviction that foreign countries or Western institutions extract value, resources, or sovereignty from the in-group. [DRAFT]	We are unable to use our nation’s greatest potential because foreign countries are exploiting us. - Foreign countries are exploiting our nation’s resources.	S2, S3, S5	0.78 – 0.94 (median 0.90)
LGBT+ opposition	Opposition to LGBT+ rights [DRAFT]	Belief that the LGBT+ movement is a threat to traditional values and that LGBT+ rights advocacy is a foreign imposition. [DRAFT]	We should protect and enforce traditional gender roles. - The LGBT+ movement is a threat to our values.	S1, S2, S3, S5	0.90 – 0.96 (median 0.93)
Abandoned (S1 legacy label)	Sense of being left behind — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor mapped to ABAND in the canonical higher-order vocabulary. [DRAFT]	My state has abandoned its citizens. - My state is exploiting its citizens.	S1	0.79 – 0.80 (median 0.80)
Abandoned by own state (S1 legacy label)	Sense that the state has abandoned us — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of ABANH; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	My state has abandoned its citizens. - My state is exploiting its citizens.	S1	0.92 – 0.92 (median 0.92)
Immigration / xenophobia	Hostility to immigration [DRAFT]	Belief that immigration harms the nation and that stricter anti-immigration policy is needed. [DRAFT]	The EU is unable to handle immigration. - Immigrants are changing Europe for the worse.	S1, S2, S3, S5	0.82 – 0.95 (median 0.90)
Pragmatism China (cognitive)	Cognitive case for accommodating China [DRAFT]	Belief-level rationale for cooperating with / not provoking China. [DRAFT]	It is a mistake that we are not allowed to collaborate with states such as China. - Taiwan should finally stop provoking China.	S5	0.87 – 0.94 (median 0.90)
Pragmatism Russia (cognitive)	Cognitive case for accommodating Russia [DRAFT]	Belief-level rationale for cooperating with / not provoking Russia. [DRAFT]	It is a mistake that we are not allowed to collaborate with such states as Russia. - Countries like Ukraine should finally start building good relations with Russia.	S2, S3, S5	0.86 – 0.94 (median 0.91)
Foreign-rule acceptance composite (S1 only)	Acceptance of foreign-power rule — S1 only [DRAFT]	S1 hybrid block combining Russia and China rule-acceptance items; not carried forward into the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	Russia will reemerge as the most powerful nation in the world.	S1	0.78 – 0.78 (median 0.78)
Unprotected by allies (S1 legacy label)	Distrust of international allies — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of ABANF; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	EU is weak and has no power. - NATO will not be brave enough to defend our nation in case of military conflict.	S1	0.83 – 0.83 (median 0.83)
Superiority of China (beliefs)	Belief that China is a superior civilisation [DRAFT]	Belief-level endorsement of China as technologically, militarily, or culturally superior / a model worth admiring. [DRAFT]	China has an important historic mission. - China will reemerge as the most powerful nation in the world.	S4, S5	0.91 – 0.95 (median 0.93)
Superiority of China (S1 legacy label)	Belief that China is superior — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of SUPCH; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	China has an important historic mission. - China will reemerge as the most powerful nation in the world.	S1	0.95 – 0.95 (median 0.95)
Superiority of Russia (beliefs)	Belief that Russia is a superior civilisation [DRAFT]	Belief-level endorsement of Russia as technologically, militarily, or culturally superior / a model worth admiring. [DRAFT]	Russia has an important historic mission. - Russia will reemerge as the most powerful nation in the world.	S1, S2, S3, S4, S5	0.92 – 0.97 (median 0.95)
Unprotected by allies (S5 legacy label)	Distrust of international allies — S5 wording [DRAFT]	S5 precursor of ABANF; retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	EU is weak and has no power. - NATO will not be brave enough to defend our nation in case of military conflict.	S5	0.87 – 0.87 (median 0.87)
Exploitation by foreign powers (S1 legacy label)	Belief that foreign powers exploit us — S1 wording [DRAFT]	S1 precursor of EXPL; same construct under the legacy USE label, retired in the canonical SEM catalogue. [DRAFT]	We are unable to use our nation’s greatest potential because foreign countries are exploiting us. - Foreign countries are exploiting our nation’s resources.	S1	0.92 – 0.92 (median 0.92)
Foreign Information Manipulation & Interference	Plausibility ratings of disinformation headlines [DRAFT]	Eight-item criterion battery: respondents rate how plausible a mix of Russian- and Chinese-origin disinformation headlines is on a 1–7 scale; higher = more susceptible. [DRAFT]	Zelensky bought a British mansion from King Charles for 20 million pounds - France asked Russia not to touch the French military in Ukraine	S1, S2, S3, S4	0.55 – 0.93 (median 0.74)
FIMI (4-item Short DisInformeter criterion)	Short-form plausibility ratings [DRAFT]	Four-item source-balanced subset (news2, news5, news7, news8) used as the headline-survey-ready criterion. [DRAFT]	France asked Russia not to touch the French military in Ukraine - Gays and transvestites in Kiev are invited to join LGBT brigades	S1, S2, S3, S4	0.41 – 0.74 (median 0.67)
Click reasons (S4)	Why people engage with online content [DRAFT]	Self-report motivators for engaging with news / political content. [DRAFT]	q11_1 - q11_2	S4	0.86 – 0.86 (median 0.86)
Importance of democracy (S4)	How important democracy is personally [DRAFT]	Self-rated importance of democratic governance for the respondent's life. [DRAFT]	q30	S4	NA
EU support (S4)	Support for EU membership and project [DRAFT]	Diffuse and specific support for the European Union. [DRAFT]	q28	S4	NA
Institutional trust battery (S4)	Trust in domestic and international institutions [DRAFT]	Trust ratings across courts, police, parliament, EU, UN, etc. [DRAFT]	q23_1 - q23_2	S4	0.90 – 0.90 (median 0.90)
Life satisfaction (S4)	Subjective life satisfaction [DRAFT]	Single- or short-form well-being / life-satisfaction item. [DRAFT]	q27	S4	NA
Left-right self-placement (S4)	Where respondents place themselves on the left-right axis [DRAFT]	Single-item left-right self-placement (0–10). [DRAFT]	q26	S4	NA
Media consumption frequency (S4)	How often people consult different news sources [DRAFT]	Frequency block covering platform / channel use; descriptive only, not a reflective construct. [DRAFT]	q3_1 - q3_2	S4	0.61 – 0.62 (median 0.61)
Anti-misinformation actions (S4)	What people do when they encounter misinformation [DRAFT]	Reported behavioural response when respondent encounters suspected false content (ignore, fact-check, share, report). [DRAFT]	q12_1 - q12_2	S4	NA
Confidence detecting misinformation (S4)	Self-rated ability to spot fake news [DRAFT]	Self-efficacy in identifying false content; used as a calibration check. [DRAFT]	q4_1	S4	NA
Foreign misinformation salience (S4)	Whether foreign actors are seen as drivers [DRAFT]	Perceived role of foreign powers in producing or amplifying domestic misinformation. [DRAFT]	q6_1 - q6_2	S4	0.89 – 0.89 (median 0.89)
Free-speech / misinformation trade-off (S4)	Tension between speech freedom and harm reduction [DRAFT]	Attitudes about whether anti-misinformation policy infringes free expression. [DRAFT]	q4_4	S4	NA
Perceived misinformation impact (S4)	How harmful misinformation feels in everyday life [DRAFT]	Self-reported personal / societal impact of misinformation exposure. [DRAFT]	q14_1 - q14_2	S4	0.90 – 0.90 (median 0.90)
Political salience of misinformation (S4)	How politically important misinformation is [DRAFT]	Perceived political stakes / agenda priority of misinformation issues. [DRAFT]	q4_3	S4	NA
Misinformation regulation attitudes (S4)	Support for regulating online misinformation [DRAFT]	Self-report attitudes toward platform / government regulation of false content. [DRAFT]	q4_2 - q4_5	S4	0.65 – 0.65 (median 0.65)
Misinformation responsibility (S4)	Who should fix the misinformation problem [DRAFT]	Attributed responsibility for solving misinformation (platforms vs. government vs. individuals). [DRAFT]	q15_1 - q15_2	S4	0.94 – 0.94 (median 0.94)
Perceived misinformation sources (S4)	Which actors people blame for misinformation [DRAFT]	Attributed responsibility for misinformation production / spread (state actors, platforms, individuals). [DRAFT]	q5_1 - q5_2	S4	0.89 – 0.89 (median 0.89)
External political efficacy (S4)	Belief that institutions are responsive [DRAFT]	Self-rated belief that political institutions respond to citizens' input. [DRAFT]	q21	S4	NA
Internal political efficacy (S4)	Belief that one can engage politics competently [DRAFT]	Self-rated competence to participate effectively in political processes. [DRAFT]	q22	S4	NA
Political interest (S4)	How much people follow politics [DRAFT]	Self-rated interest in political affairs. [DRAFT]	q20	S4	NA
Political participation (S4)	Recent political-engagement behaviours [DRAFT]	Self-report recent voting / petition / protest / online-political-engagement behaviours. [DRAFT]	q25_1 - q25_2	S4	NA
Religiosity (S4)	Self-rated religious importance / practice [DRAFT]	Short religiosity / religious-importance battery. [DRAFT]	q32	S4	NA
Social trust (S4)	Generalised trust in other people [DRAFT]	Two/three-item generalised-trust battery; descriptive only. [DRAFT]	q17 - q18	S4	0.80 – 0.81 (median 0.81)
Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire (5-item)	General disposition to see hidden plots [DRAFT]	Bruder et al. five-item conspiracy-mentality scale; used as a nomological anchor in S5. [DRAFT]	cmq1 - cmq2	S5	0.84 – 0.84 (median 0.84)
Feeling thermometer — China	Warmth toward China (0–100) [DRAFT]	Standard feeling-thermometer item: warmth toward China. [DRAFT]	feel_ch	S5	NA
Feeling thermometer — EU	Warmth toward the EU (0–100) [DRAFT]	Standard feeling-thermometer item: warmth toward the EU. [DRAFT]	feel_eu	S5	NA
Feeling thermometer — NATO	Warmth toward NATO (0–100) [DRAFT]	Standard feeling-thermometer item: warmth toward NATO. [DRAFT]	feel_nato	S5	NA
Feeling thermometer — Russia	Warmth toward Russia (0–100) [DRAFT]	Standard feeling-thermometer item: warmth toward Russia. [DRAFT]	feel_ru	S5	NA
Intergroup-threat scale — immigrants	Felt threat from immigrants [DRAFT]	Stephan-style intergroup-threat scale targeted at immigrants. [DRAFT]	itt_imi_sym1 - itt_imi_sym2	S5	0.94 – 0.94 (median 0.94)
ITT — immigrants, realistic facet	Material / economic threat from immigrants [DRAFT]	Realistic / material facet of the immigrants ITT scale. [DRAFT]	itt_imi_real1 - itt_imi_real2	S5	0.93 – 0.93 (median 0.93)
ITT — immigrants, symbolic facet	Cultural-value threat from immigrants [DRAFT]	Symbolic / value-based facet of the immigrants ITT scale. [DRAFT]	itt_imi_sym1 - itt_imi_sym2	S5	0.96 – 0.97 (median 0.97)
Intergroup-threat scale — LGBT+	Felt threat from LGBT+ rights [DRAFT]	Stephan-style intergroup-threat scale targeted at LGBT+ communities. [DRAFT]	itt_lgbt_sym1 - itt_lgbt_sym2	S5	0.93 – 0.93 (median 0.93)
ITT — LGBT+, realistic facet	Material / institutional threat from LGBT+ rights [DRAFT]	Realistic / material facet of the LGBT+ ITT scale. [DRAFT]	itt_lgbt_real1 - itt_lgbt_real2	S5	0.82 – 0.84 (median 0.83)
ITT — LGBT+, symbolic facet	Cultural-value threat from LGBT+ rights [DRAFT]	Symbolic / value-based facet of the LGBT+ ITT scale. [DRAFT]	itt_lgbt_sym1 - itt_lgbt_sym2	S5	0.94 – 0.95 (median 0.95)
I-PANAS-SF — negative affect	Recent negative-affect feelings [DRAFT]	Trait negative-affect subscale of the short-form international PANAS. [DRAFT]	panas6 - panas7	S5	0.81 – 0.82 (median 0.81)
I-PANAS-SF — positive affect	Recent positive-affect feelings [DRAFT]	Trait positive-affect subscale of the short-form international PANAS. [DRAFT]	panas1 - panas2	S5	0.73 – 0.74 (median 0.74)
Populist attitudes (Silva 2017)	Populist worldview composite [DRAFT]	Pooled populist-attitudes scale (people-centrism, anti-elitism, manichaean outlook). [DRAFT]	pop1 - pop2_r	S5	0.40 – 0.46 (median 0.43)
Populism — anti-elitism facet	Hostility to political elites [DRAFT]	Subscale of POP focused on anti-elitism. [DRAFT]	pop4 - pop6_r	S5	0.27 – 0.48 (median 0.38)
Populism — Manichaean outlook facet	Good-vs-evil view of politics [DRAFT]	Subscale of POP focused on the Manichaean / good-vs-evil framing. [DRAFT]	pop8 - pop9_r	S5	0.18 – 0.45 (median 0.31)
Populism — people-centrism facet	Trust in 'ordinary people' over elites [DRAFT]	Subscale of POP focused on people-centrism. [DRAFT]	pop1 - pop2_r	S5	0.36 – 0.49 (median 0.43)
Right-Wing Authoritarianism (short scale)	Authoritarian-deference disposition [DRAFT]	Short-form right-wing-authoritarianism scale used as nomological-network anchor. [DRAFT]	rwa1_r - rwa2	S5	0.56 – 0.63 (median 0.60)
Institutional trust — EU (ESS)	Trust in the European Union [DRAFT]	ESS institutional-trust item for the EU. [DRAFT]	ptrust6	S5	NA
Institutional trust — local authorities (ESS)	Trust in domestic authorities [DRAFT]	ESS institutional-trust item for local / national authorities. [DRAFT]	ptrust1 - ptrust2	S5	0.86 – 0.86 (median 0.86)
Institutional trust — UN (ESS)	Trust in the United Nations [DRAFT]	ESS institutional-trust item for the UN. [DRAFT]	ptrust7	S5	NA
Source: outputs/policy_report/tables/construct_reference_card.csv (assembled from data/wrangled_data/construct_taxonomy.rds + outputs/tables/scale_diagnostics_s1_s5.csv). Reproduction code: scripts/policy_report/A-01_construct_reference_card.R.

Annex B — Short DisInforMeter language matrix

Column	Source
item_code	item identifier from outputs/item_mapping.csv, filtered to Short DisInforMeter items
english, lithuanian, german, polish, russian, italian, …	translator-confirmed wording; not yet exported into the repo — needs to be staged before the builder will run

Warning

The language matrix depends on translation files that are not currently in the repo. The builder will fail loudly until those are staged. Coordinate with the translation team before opening this work item.

Table 2: Annex B — Short DisInforMeter item wording across fielded languages.

Annex B — Short DisInforMeter items: wording and language coverage
Each row is one item from the Short DisInforMeter (the 27-item version fielded in S4). The English column carries the authoritative wording; coloured ticks below mark the 14 S4 languages in which each item was deployed.
Item	Construct	FIMI origin	English (authoritative)	BG	DE	EN	ET	FR	HU	IT	LT	LV	NL	PL	RU	SR	TR
gen1	GEN	NA	I have a very negative feeling about how my state handles external threats.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
gen2	GEN	NA	I dislike the actions of our international allies in ensuring the safety of my state.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
gen3	GEN	NA	I fear the consequences of provoking countries like Russia or China	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
gen5	GEN	NA	I like Russia.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
gen7	GEN	NA	I like China.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
th6	THREAT	NA	I am angry when I think about how my country is being used by foreign countries.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
th9	THREAT	NA	I am worried about the spread of LGBT+ propaganda.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
ab2	ABAND	NA	I feel disappointed by the actions of the international allies in protecting my country.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
ab4	ABAND	NA	I’m angry at my state for failing to protect the interests of its citizens.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
ab7	ABAND	NA	I feel angry because the knowledge I want to access is being censored in my state.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
pa1	FEAR	NA	I feel tense when thinking about potential conflicts with countries like Russia or China.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
pa2	FEAR	NA	I would feel safer if peace with countries like Russia or China is struck at any cost	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
pa4	FEAR	NA	I’m anxious about the consequences of a conflict with countries like Russia or China	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fru1	SUPF	NA	To a certain extent, I admire Russia.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fru2	SUPF	NA	Sometimes, I feel inspired by the actions of Russia.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fru3	SUPF	NA	Russia gives me hope.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fch1	SUPFCH	NA	To a certain extent, I admire China.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fch2	SUPFCH	NA	Sometimes, I feel inspired by the actions of China.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
fch3	SUPFCH	NA	China gives me hope.	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news1	FIMI	Russian-origin	Zelensky bought a British mansion from King Charles for 20 million pounds	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news2	FIMI	Russian-origin	France asked Russia not to touch the French military in Ukraine	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news3	FIMI	Russian-origin	The 2026 Milan–Cortina d'Ampezzo Olympics and Paralympics will be openly LGBT++	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news4	FIMI	Russian-origin	Ukrainian army is looking for a mentor on tolerance working for front lines	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news5	FIMI	Russian-origin	Gays and transvestites in Kiev are invited to join LGBT brigades	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news6	FIMI	Chinese-origin	Li-Meng Yan, a Chinese virologist who alleges that the COVID-19 virus originated from a Chinese government laboratory is a complete rumor maker	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news7	FIMI	Chinese-origin	CGTN: Closer People-to-People Bonds foster China-Vietnam Friendship	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
news8	FIMI	Chinese-origin	The plague-like rule of extreme right-wing religious leader Li Hongzhi who is banned in China	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Translator-pending. The English column is the authoritative wording. The remaining language columns indicate whether the item was fielded in that language during S4 (✓) but not the verbatim translated string. Item-by-item translations will be added once each language has been confirmed against the deployed Qualtrics block.
Source: outputs/policy_report/tables/short_disinformeter_languages.csv (stub; English authoritative, other-language wordings pending translator verification against the original Qualtrics localisations used in S4 Dec 2025). Reproduction code: scripts/policy_report/A-02_short_disinformeter_languages.R.